صدقة التطوع
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: A woman, along with her two daughters, came to me asking (for charity). She found that I had nothing except one date, so I gave it to her. She divided it between her two daughters and ate nothing herself, then she got up and left. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then came in, and I informed him about this and he remarked: "Whoever is tried by having daughters and he treats them kindly, they will be a screen for him from Hellfire."
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- قالت: دَخَلَت عَلَيَّ امرأَة ومعَهَا ابنَتَان لَهَا، تَسْأَل فَلَم تَجِد عِندِي شَيئًا غَير تَمرَة وَاحِدَة، فَأَعْطَيتُهَا إِيَّاهَا فَقَسَمتْهَا بَينَ ابنَتَيهَا وَلَم تَأكُل مِنهَا، ثُمَّ قَامَت فَخَرَجَت، فَدَخَل النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- علينا، فَأَخْبَرتُه فقال: «مَنْ ابْتُلِيَ مِنْ هذه البنَاتِ بِشَيءٍ فأَحْسَن إِلَيهِنَّ، كُنَّ لَهُ سِتْرًا مِن النَّار».
شرح الحديث :
A woman, along with her two daughters, entered upon ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and asked for charity because she was poor. ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) had nothing but one date, which she gave to her. The woman split it in two halves, gave one half to each of her daughters, and did not eat anything of it. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon ‘Ā’ishah and she told him this strange story. He said: "Whoever is tried by having daughters and he treats them kindly, they will be a screen for him from Hellfire." 'tried' here does not refer to an affliction, rather it means "destined", as Allah, the Almighty, says in the Qur’an (what means): {We will test you with bad and good trials, and to Us you will return} [Sūrat al-Anbiyā’: 35]. So, whoever is destined to have daughters and he is kind to them, they will act as a screen for him from Hellfire on the Day of Judgment. This is because the girl is weak and incapable of earning a living, unlike the man, as Allah, the Almighty, says in the Qur’an (what means): {Men are in charge of women by [right of] what Allah has given one over the other and what they spend [for maintenance] from their wealth.} [Sūrat An-Nisā’: 34]